Esplintagem de prótese sobre implantes contribui para menor perda óssea marginal e sobrevida dos implantes em comparação a próteses unitárias em região posterior? Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise

Abstract

Rehabilitation with dental implants ensures more masticatory efficiency, satisfaction and quality of life for patients. The aim of the study is to verify the complications, marginal bone loss (POM) and survival of dental implants of splinted prostheses (PE) compared to single prostheses (PU) for posterior partially edentulous spaces. Review protocol registered in PROSPERO (ID 432295). Randomized (RCT) and non-randomized (ECP) clinical trials evaluating the clinical performance of dental implants comparing PE and PU for posterior partially edentulous spaces were eligible. Literature search performed via PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Seven studies were included (4 RCT, 3 ECP), totaling 296 participants, 594 implants placed (301 splinted, 293 single). For POM, there were no differences between implants rehabilitated with PE compared with PU (P = 0.39; Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]: -0.12 mm). Complication rates were similar between proposed treatments (P = 0.24; Risk Ratio [RR] = 0.48). For survival, 3 studies had rates lower than 100% for PU, despite this, the result was not significant between groups (P = 0.35; RR = 1.01). In view of this, it is possible to conclude that the splinting of prostheses on implants or single prostheses can be considered in posterior partial edentulous spaces, as both presented similar results for POM, as well as for complications and survival. The professional should assess biological, physiological, functional, technical and patient adherence issues for decision making. However, future randomized and standardized clinical trials are recommended to reassess this treatment modality.