Estudo dos geossistemas das Cristas Quartzíticas da Mantiqueira Meridional: a paisagem em perspectiva multiescalar

Abstract

The present dissertation aimed to understand the interaction and the processes that engender the spatial organization of natural and social systems and their relationship to environmental policy planning in the northern sector of the Meridional Mantiqueira from geosystemic perspective. The quartzite reliefs of regional expression, characteristic of the northern sector of the Meridional Mantiqueira, configure important topographic alignments that shelter great diversity. As theoretical and methodological foundation appealed to the postulates of the Theory of Geosystems proposed by V.B Sochava. The cartographic representation of the structure and dynamics of geosystems was made based on integrated interpretation of thematic maps in topological and regional and field surveys. The geosystems that compose the macrogeócoro of northern sector of the Meridional Mantiqueira were spatially on a map with the boundaries of the area. It was verified that the facies classes are organized spatially: elongated steep slopes with semideciduous forest under the influence of pasture; elongated steep slopes and narrow interfluves with dense rain forest Montana influencing forestry; Levels summit with rocky fields of altitude in quartzite; Craggy slopes with dense rain forest Montana; elongated steep slopes with grassland and forest; Hills and valleys embedded with semideciduous forest under the influence of pasture; Hills and valleys embedded with semideciduous forest changed with the influence of pasture. In topological scale was generated a map that characterizes the type and spatial associations of geosystems of the Ibitipoca State Park. The landscape in question is distinguished by the transition to nebular and nanoflorestas forests to savannas and plains, and marked by nuances of associations established with other natural complexes. The rural ecology interrelations broken down by geossitêmica classification are explained in the table (legend) that comes with the mapping of the Ibitipoca State Park. Through geosystemic classification procedures were identified 5 facies groups distributed by the area covered by the Ibitipoca State Park, correlated as a quadro.Tal framework provides systematized results of the spatial associations between facies groups and facies of geosystem of the study area . From the results it could be concluded that the map of geosystems generated on a small scale and large scale from the combination of methodological approaches top-down and bottom-up, provide information on the regional and local standards inherent in the structure of landscape of the Serra da Mantiqueira. Maps, charts and profiles are the basis for the qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the structure and geoecological processes, and internal interactions with geosystems and surrounding landscapes.