Desenvolvimento das lesões não cariosas em praticantes de atividade física: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Non carious lesions are characterized by the loss of tooth structure without the involvement of microrganisms, with a multifactorial etiology and high prevalence rate, being related to people's lifestyle and diet. People with lifestyles that provide the interaction between the stress factor, biocorrosion and friction are more vulnerable to the development of non carious lesions, including people who practice intense physical exercises, athletes and people who frequently consume acidic sports drinks. The present study aimed to review the literature in order toassess the development of non carious lesions in physical activity practitioners. To this end, a search was carried out in the PubMed, Lilacs and Scielo databases, for scientific articles between the years 2015 and 2022, using the descriptors 'Non carious cervical lesions', 'Athletes's oral health', 'biocorrosion', ‘Noncarious lesions and athletes’s oral health’. The search resulted in 999 articles, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria, that is, they were available in full in the researched databases, addressed non carious lesions and their relationship with people who practice physical activities, and were selected for the elaboration of the review. As they were not specific to the topic of interest, 977 articles were excluded. From the proposed methodology, it was concluded that non- carious cervical lesions can be associated with physical activity practitioners, with the main etiological factor being dental biocorrosion, usually due to the high consumption of sports drinks and acidic foods. The reduction in salivary flow rate and the practice of water sports in water with inadequate pH are other factors that can trigger biocorrosion in athletes. Therefore, practitioners of physical activities should follow up with dental surgeons, in a preventive way, in order to assess the risk status for the development of oral diseases and not only for the treatment of those that already exist.