Influência da esplintagem protética em implantes extracurtos em mandíbulas atróficas: estudo clínico randomizado controlado de boca dividida

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of splinting on marginal bone loss and periodontal clinical parameters in posterior mandibular rehabilitations implanted with extra-short implants. This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, split mouth clinical study conducted at the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora and following CONSORT 2010. Sixty Cone Morse-type extra-short implants were split into two groups groups: Group Es (with splinted prostheses,) and Group NEs (with nonsplinted prostheses). The study factor was splinting, evaluated by recording marginal bone loss rates and periodontal clinical evaluation parameters, acquired on the day of implant insertion and, on average, 107 days after the procedure. In the 2nd assessment, there was no statistically significant difference between groups for vertical bone remodeling (p = 0.203), peri-implant sulcus depth (p = 0.002) and bleeding at peri-implant sulcus probing (p = 0.255). Regarding biofilm, in the 2nd evaluation, splinted prostheses had a significantly higher score than nonsplinted prostheses (p <0.001). It was possible to infer that the non-splinted extra-short implants seem to facilitate dental hygiene and, consequently, showed less bleeding on probing in relation to the splinted ones, as well as a statistically significant difference in plaque index (bacterial biofilm). It can be concluded that treatment with nonsplinted extra-short implants can be as reliable as that with splinted prostheses, maintaining the need for further evaluations, in order to recommended preferably nonsplinted extra-short implants for posterior atrophic mandibles.