Atividades antioxidante e anti-inflamatória das folhas e ramos de Plinia cauliflora (DC.) Kausel (Jabuticaba) e seus fitocomplexos com ß-ciclodextrina

Abstract

Intending to minimize the side effects reported for current drugs on the market, the seek for new molecules with anti-inflammatory response has currently gained more attention. Jaboticaba fruit has been popularly used for the treatment of diarrhea, skin rashes and intestinal inflammation. However, there are few reports stating the biological activity of branches and leaves. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract of branches and leaves from Plinia cauliflora (DC.) Kausel, as well as, the supramolecular phytocomplex produced through -cyclodextrin and extract complexation seeking improvements in solubility and biological response. The phytocomplex characterization was performed by infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and conductivity analysis. The thermal analysis DTA/TGA reported thermal stability improvements of the phytocomplexes. The leaves extract revealed greater flavonoid content whereas the branches showed higher content for tannins the test was based on the total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin dosage. All substances were identified by HPLC-MS-Q-TOF being tellimagrandin I, castalagin and valoneic acid dilactone reported for the first time in P. cauliflora branches and leaves. The promising antioxidant activity of the stated extracts and phytocomplexes was assessed by DPPH assay, -carotene/linoleic acid system and the formation of MDA, and the reduction of the phosphomolybdenum complex. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the samples was determined in three different concentrations for the in vitro and in vivo tests. The in vitro assay was performed by the reduction of nitric oxide in J774A.1 cell and the in vivo experiment by the inhibition of ear edema croton oil induced in mice. In addition, the phytocomplexes showed improved results for the four hours treatment assay when compared to the ethanolic extract, revealing how the complexation can work as an important strategy to be considered for the development of topical formulation.