Efeito do tratamento para síndrome metabólica na albuminúria: revisão sistemática e metanálise

Abstract

Objective: This systematic review aims to map the literature if available treatment for metabolic syndrome has strong positively impact on decreasing albuminuria in adult patients. Introduction: Prevalence and incidence in metabolic syndrome is an important public health problem around the world. Metabolic syndrome patients may have increased albuminuria that present has a positive impact on cardiovascular mortality and kidney disease progression. A high number of interventions to control metabolic syndrome exists and are considered efficient, among them: use of medication, change in lifestyle as changes in diet and physical exercise. However, it is not clear which approaches has impact on decreasing albuminuria. Methods: The present study used the JBI methodology for a systematic review of effectiveness. To delimit the theme, the PICO mnemonic was used (P: population; I: intervention; C: comparator; O: result). Studies that considered pharmacological or non-pharmacological treatment in an adult population for the control of albuminuria in patients with metabolic syndrome were included, and studies in which MS was described in children and adolescents, studies in pregnant women, patients with type 1 diabetes and were excluded. that it wasn't in humans. Sources published in any language were included, studies that meet the objective of this review, with a date limit in the last 10 years. The first stage of study selection was carried out by reading the abstract and title by two independent reviewers. The second stage consisted of reading in full the articles that were selected in the first selection, by two authors. Those who met the inclusion criteria were selected for the present study. Study selection, data collection, data analysis and synthesis were performed according to the JBI methodology. For critical assessment and risk of bias of the selected articles, JBI's validated tools were used. Results: Twenty-one articles were included, showing lifestyle change, angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone antagonists, Amlodipine, Ezetimibe, Pitavastatin, Colestimibe, Empaglifozin, Chinese herbs, Yiqi Huazhuo Gushen formula, Guar and Soluble Fiber Gum bariatric surgery appears to reduce the condition of albuminuria in patients with metabolic syndrome. The meta-analysis included three studies and showed that diet alone or associated with physical exercise are effective in reducing albuminuria in metabolic syndrome patients. Conclusion: Diet alone and diet plus physical exercise have a positive impact on decreasing albuminuria in metabolic syndrome.