Análise das complicações e intercorrências em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática

Abstract

Orthognathic surgery has been widely used to correct dentofacial deformities, both for patients with mandibular retrognathism or prognathism, transverse or anteroposterior maxillary hypoplasia, facial asymmetry, among other deformities that require corrective treatment. Modifications and improvements in surgical techniques have been constant in recent decades, aiming to make orthognathic surgery safer, more predictable and with the lowest possible morbidity for the patient. However, like any surgical technique, it is not free from trans-surgical and post-surgical intercurrences and complications. Thus, this study aims to detect surgical complications related to orthognathic procedures performed in patients treated at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora. For this purpose, the analysis of medical records, image exams and surgical description of the 100 patients undergoing treatment through orthognathic surgery was performed. It can be observed that, of the 100 medical records analyzed, 18 had trans-surgical complications. With regard to complications, they were present in 70 of the 100 medical records. The most frequent intraoperative changes were the maxillary gap requiring a graft, the difficulty in fixing the bone segments and the undesirable mandibular fracture. The most common postoperative problem was inferior alveolar nerve paresthesia. There was no statistically significant association between the variables gender and age with the complications and complications evaluated. Furthermore, the continuous advances in orthognathic surgery have served to modernize the treatment plan and lead the individual to an ideal and satisfactory result, optimizing the possibilities of complications.