Um panorama sobre o mapeamento de quantidade sonora (MQS) no Brasil: : investigação de mecanismos eficientes para o desenvolvimento e aplicação do mapeamento em cidades de médio porte

Abstract

Given the demographic dynamics, urbanization and transformation of cities, as well as the population that inhabits them and their respective activities, it is believed that the built environment is becoming increasingly resonant, with a diversification of sources and even a densification by category. This aspect of the environment, which potentially causes harmful and, in some cases, irreversible effects on human health, providing a confusing urban environment and precarious habitability. To investigate the sound aspect of the urban environment, it is possible to resort to sound quantity mapping (SQM), which consists of a chromatic representation of sound pressure levels (SPL), helping to configure the urban sound environment and contributing to the potential identification of noise levels. Degraded areas and an analysis of projections when there are territorial changes. At the national level, this resource is still being used modestly with studies generally carried out in large urban centers, in points where there is greater population concentration and without a single standard of evaluation. This work aimed to identify and compare sound quantity mapping methods applied in Brazilian cities. To this end, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was applied to some national and international research platforms in order to obtain an overview of (1) initiatives in SQM, not adequately called acoustic, sound or noise mapping in Brazil, (2) what was developed and applied by such initiatives, and (3) when and where these initiatives were carried out. For this review, a protocol for filtering and selecting publications was developed, whose purpose was to obtain comparable data between initiatives in different municipalities, paying attention to the descriptors of sound pressure levels, so that the most efficient and lowest cost experiences can be identified, shared, studied and applied in urban planning at the national level. In this context, cases of SQM initiatives in all regions of the country were presented, with notes of the primary materials and methods used their elaboration. Finally, initiatives in SQM with better efficiency were pointed out for the application and analysis of this aspect of the environment in Brazilian cities and possible projections and developments for this research.