Associação entre doença de células falciformes e doença periodontal. Revisão Sistemática.

Abstract

Although some studies have evaluated the association between sickle cell disease (SCD) and periodontal disease (PD), their results are very contradictory. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether individuals with SCD have a greater predisposition to develop PD than individuals without SCD. Therefore, an electronic search was performed in the databases: MedLine/PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus, for select eligible studies. A search was also made in the gray literature OpenGrey and ProQuest, and a manual search was also conducted in the reference list of the studies. The periodontal indexes used were: community periodontal index, clinical attachment level, probing depth, plaque index, gingival index, gingival enlargement, calculus index, salivary volume, bleeding on probing, gingival recession, tooth mobility, furcation involvement and radiographic bone loss. The inversion of variance (IV) method was used to calculate the meta-analysis and to assess the mean difference (MD) of the continuous outcomes utilized during the evaluation of the parameters for PD. A total of 13 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, while 9 studies were included for the meta-analysis, with a total of 2381 subjects. The results of the meta-analysis in general indicated, in relation to the gingival index, a significantly favorable difference for healthy patients compared to patients with SCD (p = 0.0002; DM: 0.20; CI: 0.10 to 0.30). In relation to plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and mobility, no statistically significant differences were observed between control patients and patients with SCD. All analyses, with the exception of mobility, showed high values of heterogeneity (I2 = >50%; p < 0.10). The results revealed that, compared to healthy patients, individuals with DCF have more gingival inflammation. Considering the limitations of this study, more well-designed studies are needed to assess the association between SCD and PD.