Educação permanente para médicos da Estratégia de Saúde da Família de um município polo de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Permanent Education in Health (PEH) presents itself as a proposal for learning at work, in which learning and teaching become inherent to the daily lives of organizations. PEH is based on meaningful learning and the possibility of transforming professional practices. For Primary Health Care (PHC), the effective PEH is desirable and is included in the latest National Policy for Primary Care (NPPC), in which it concerns the State's responsibility, in providing technical and pedagogical instruments that facilitate the process of training and permanent education of the members of the management and care teams. The importance of institutionalizing this process in the municipalities is emphasized, as it is expected to improve the development of the practices of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), since it has been the priority model for PHC reorganization in Brazil. This research has as general objective to analyze the needs of permanent education in health of the doctors of the FHS, of a city pole of Minas Gerais. The study was carried out in BHU with FHS, in that municipality, with the participation of 52 PHC doctors, assigned to these FHS. Data collection was carried out in two stages: 1st - a questionnaire was applied with closed and open questions; 2nd - semi-structured interview was carried out. In the quantitative stage, the data were processed by descriptive analysis and, in the qualitative one, through content analysis, of the thematic analysis type, using IRAMUTEQ software. In the quantitative stage, 4 categories were built: 1. Sociodemographic characterization, training and work of FHS doctors; 2. Permanent and continuous education of FHS doctors; 3. PHC attributes, principles and actions developed in the FHS by doctors; 4. Satisfaction, recognition and appreciation of medical work in the FHS. 98% of the participants informed that they had a permanent education, however, it was found that there is difficulty in understanding between permanent (PE) and continuing education. It was observed that continuing education is an important practice and very present in the education of these professionals. The most cited modality of PE was distance education (83%). Among the daily activities performed by doctors, participation in the community was the most mentioned (21.4%). In the qualitative stage, two categories emerged: 1. Skills and competences for the FHS physician.; 2. Importance of PE in medical practice in the FHS. In the first, the necessary medical profile is consistent with the competency-based curriculum at the Brazilian Society of Family and Community Medicine; the doctor-patient relationship, the synergy and harmony of teamwork, in addition to clinical competence and the importance of a more humanized look, are characteristics highlighted in this profile. In the second, regarding PEH, although there is no total understanding, being confused with CE, it was important to get closer to the origin of professional practice in order to promote the relevant transformations. This study is innovative in the municipality to date and aims to contribute to a future permanent education project for FHS doctors and to promote the FHS health care model.