Fatores associados ao ganho na esperança de vida ao nascer nos municípios de Minas Gerais nos períodos 1991-2000 e 2000-2010

Abstract

In recent decades improvements were observed in social and economic spheres in the country. Life expectancy at birth is an important indicator of quality of life, which can be used in measuring human development index of a country or region. Factors such as a decline in infant mortality, income inequality among others are closely linked to the growth in life expectancy at birth (Wood & Carvalho, 1994). Therefore, the work aims to study socioeconomic and demographic factors that are associated with the relative gain in life expectancy at birth in the municipalities of Minas Gerais, in the periods 1991-2000 and 2000-2010. Associations were investigated by the Pearson correlation and linear regression models. Spatial statistical techniques were also applied in order to obtain regional comparisons between municipalities. Comparisons were performed at different temporal scenarios, with census data for the years 1991, 2000 and 2010. Data used in this paper come from the Atlas of Human Development 2013, released by the Development Program of the United Nations for free.