Federalismos na América Latina: uma comparação entre Brasil e Argentina (1852-1891)

Abstract

This research aims to understand the process of construction of federalism in Argentina and Brazil, from their respective constitutions in the nineteenth century. For this, the time frame of this investigation will be between the years 1852 to 1891. For this, the history of these countries will be analyzed. In 1852, Argentina, based on US ideas, began the process of drafting its first federal constitution, which made it possible for its provinces to be integrated into a single national state. Then, in 1891, Brazil, seeking to organize a new constitution for the newly established Republic, sought models that fit the issues necessary for this new regime, such as the autonomy of its states or regions. The proposal, therefore, is to measure how much the Argentine Constitution may have inspired the construction of the Brazilian constitutional charter of 1891. As a method, a comparative investigation is undertaken on the choices made by the political elites of both countries. for the adequacy of federalism, analysis of concepts and formation of the federation, through the constituent process exposed in the Annals of the Brazilian National Congress. In this sense, the research aims to understand the essential discussions for the formation of a federalist ideal in the highlighted countries, such as the release of manifestos and books that helped in the execution of their respective constitutions. In order to present the object of the research, we use historiography, which includes research, as well as sources such as the Annals produced by the Assemblies of both countries. Therefore, the proposal is based on the idea that discourses are fundamental to better understand how the constituents understood federalism. With this, we can examine and debate discursive questions, through the history of concepts, which help us in the execution of the proposed analysis and the possible comparison of the constituent projects of Brazil and Argentina.