Déficit habitacional, dimensões urbanas e fatores socioeconômicos: uma caracterização para o Brasil

Abstract

The housing deficit in Brazil behaves differently from region to region, since the North region has the highest relative deficit in the country and the South region, the lower. The present research aimed to characterize Brazilian municipalities according to their socioeconomic, infrastructure and environmental indicators, through logical combinations and to analyze them comparatively in order to find out the regional patterns most consistent with the high relative housing deficit in the year of 2010. These combinations will be obtained through two successive methodological steps, the first being an exploratory factor analysis of the data, followed by the configurational method of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). The first results generated three latent factors determined as, socioeconomic development, infrastructure and urban growth. The main findings suggest which the low infrastructure is a necessary factor, but not sufficient for the high index of housing deficit, being necessary its simultaneity with a low degree of socioeconomic development or with a high degree of urban growth. In this way, this monograph seeks to expand the housing discussion and point out the path that must be taken with public policies so that the problem discussed in this monograph can be improved, since the results highlight which combinations of factors lead to low and high housing deficits.