Formação social brasileira, racismo e sofrimento psíquico da população negra: um estudo de revisão na área do Serviço Social

Abstract

The present study aims to present the interlocution between racism and mental suffering, from a theoretical review. We trace a critical analysis of the colonizing process experienced by Brazil until the conformation of racism in today's society, using theoretical references from a critical perspective, divided into three chapters, namely: 1) The colonization process in Brazil: genesis, development and rise of the dependent capitalism; 2) Structural racism and violence: foundations, characteristics and the relationship with psychological suffering and 3) Racism and psychological suffering today: an integrative review in Social Service journals. In the first chapter, the main historical events are presented: invasion of Brazilian territory; populating that territory; the colonizing economy with the use of enslaved black labor; the slave regime, with an emphasis on the contradictions that exist in this process; the transition from slave labor to free labor; the independence of the colony to the formation of dependent capitalism. Then, in the second chapter, the conformation of racism and its consequences for the black population related to mental illnesses, the role of psychiatry and the asylum as enablers of violence are addressed. In the third and last chapter, it presents the integrative review carried out, based on the twenty journals in the area of Social Work, in order to identify how the profession and the area of knowledge has been theoretically dealing with the relationship between race, racism and psychological suffering. In total, sixteen articles were found, in which we analyzed, based on the content analysis methodology, demonstrating their limits and advances in common elements among them.