Usos e criações de tecnologias pelo cuidador familiar de idosos na atenção domiciliar

Abstract

Home care is able to contribute to the recovery of the user's health condition by advocating individualized and contextualized care, by representing a complementary and integrated care modality to the health care network. The home has shown itself as a potential to expand and qualify care as an alternative for the care of dependent elderly, by contributing to avoid hospitalization or to support dehospitalization in which health technologies incorporated in this scenario are being used increasingly. Objective: Understand how a family caregiver realizes the use of healthy technologies developed and incorporated by them to provide care at home for a dependent elderly relative after hospital discharge. Comprehend the technological resources used by dependent elderly caregivers after hospital discharge in the assistance context of home care. Identify technologies used by family caregivers in the dialogue with the work of home care nurses. Discuss how family caregivers contribute to the appropriation and innovation of essential technologies for the production of attention in home care. Method: A qualitative approach research, exploratory type, guided by the Case Study method, adding Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis to create categories for data analysis. The scenario was composed by home care service in Minas Gerais inland and by elderly’s houses. The participants were three elderly caregivers and four nurses. The data collection took place among July 2019 and June 2020, through an interview guided by a semi-structured script. The interviews were transcribed in full and the codes were extracted and treated by the researcher using the Open Logos 2.1 software to organize the data. Results: The case was presented from two subunits: health technologies under the experiences of elderly caregivers at home and the nurse's understanding of home care in the light of health technologies. Family caregivers presented reports with a perspective on health technologies and addressed the dense aspects that sound them when exemplifying through the use of devices and materials provided by the home care service. However, they indirectly employed content on relational technologies using examples related to their care practice with elderly women. Nurses brought in their speeches the perspective of their experiences and how the dialogue with family caregivers proceeded. Concerning to creations, they identified routine practices developed by the service, but did not nominate them as health technologies at first. They agreed that these adaptations are also health technologies when inquired about this. Conclusion: The caregivers did not realize that they were creating tools for family members care, but the analysis of their speeches allowed us to comprehend that the creation was present directly and indirectly, beside the dialogue with nurses from the home care service.