Avaliação dos estudos ecotoxicológicos de poluentes emergentes em comunidades planctônicas de água doce: revisão sistemática

Abstract

The presence of emerging pollutants in freshwater bodies has affected microorganisms and, consequently, the balance of aquatic ecosystems. At the base of the trophic webs of freshwater ecosystems is plankton, which serves as food directly and indirectly for all higher trophic levels. Knowing the harmful effects caused by pollutants emerging in these organisms is essential for maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems. The present study carried out a systematic review of the literature and searched for articles of an ecotoxicological nature in planktonic freshwater communities. All scientific articles on the subject were surveyed until January 1, 2019 using their own search criteria. To carry out the work, searches were carried out in the databases: Web of Science, Scopus (Elsevier) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). The articles found were screened and those that met the inclusion criteria were classified according to the title; author; year of publication; periodical in which it was published; country of the journal; author's country; country where the experiment was carried out; knowledge area; taxon used; classification / group of the organism used; ecosystem where the study was conducted; Contaminant / pollutant groups; effect on organisms; type of work and number of citations of the articles. A total of 62,488 scientific articles were found considering all databases. Of these, at the end of the screening, only 12 articles covered 100% of the inclusion criteria. In the evaluated studies, the most studied compounds were sodium permethrin and sodium dodecyl sulfate and the species / taxonomic groups most used as test organisms were Daphnia magna (5), Zooplankton (the whole community) (4) and Daphnia pulex (2). The vast majority of studies conducted experiments with cultures of organisms. The results presented, obtained in experiments with emerging pollutants, have a wide range of variation, from no effect on the tested organisms to their mortality. We conclude that the number of works in this research area is substantially small, given the importance and complexity of the topic. Based on the information collected, we hope to contribute to the knowledge about Ecotoxicology in aquatic ecosystems.