O profissional de saúde na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: uma análise das atitudes frente ao usuário de álcool e outras drogas

Abstract

This dissertation aimed to provide an overview of the attitudes of health professionals in primary care and specialized services in relation to the user of alcohol and other drugs. To this end, three chapters were proposed here that could give an account of the object of study in a more appropriate way and committed to the political and social context in which attitudes and stigmatizing behaviors of people are built regarding the topic of drugs. The first chapter presents a historical line of the treatment offered to users of psychoactive substances over the years and the laws and public policies created to serve these individuals, highlighting the importance of the professional in the defense of an integrated, free and comprehensive care network all user needs. Then, a systematic review is proposed regarding scientific productions, on a global scale, on the theme of attitudes towards the user, pointing, in short, a situation that is mostly unfavorable to the establishment of strong bonds between professionals and users due to the stigma and lack of preparation/knowledge on the subject as the main explanatory point for such a situation. Finally, an empirical study carried out with the purpose of investigating the theme of attitudes in the health services of Juiz de Fora and neighboring municipalities. From it, we have evidence of the role of contact with the subject/users as an incentive for more positive attitudes, also demonstrating a tendency for less consideration by the user in Primary Health Care services, when compared with specialized institutions, a fact corroborated in other research for the lack of specific preparation on drug use in the former. Thus, it is emphasized the importance of studies like this one to obtain data about the attitudes of professionals for the elaboration of interventions aimed at reducing this situation, considering the information on the theme as the basis for determining this aspect.