Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de médicos e enfermeiros da estratégia saúde da família de Juiz de Fora sobre o controle dos cânceres da mama e do colo do útero

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) and cervical cancer (CC) due to their high incidence and mortality constitute a public health problem. The control of these cancers through early detection aims at early diagnosis and consequent improvement in prognosis with less treatment-associated morbidity. Therefore, basic quality care is necessary. Objective: investigate the knowledge and practices of doctors and nurses in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) on actions to control the BC and CCU, recommended by the Ministry of Health (MS). Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out with doctors and nurses working in the FHS in the city of Juiz de Fora - MG, using a self-administered questionnaire to investigate the sociodemographic variables, knowledge and practice of early detection of these cancers, collected in the period from April to August (2019). Results: 170 professionals participated in the research, of which 46.5% were doctors and 53.5% nurses. Of this total, 71.4% have 10 years or more of graduation, 78.9% have postgraduate degrees and 72% works exclusively in the FHS. Regarding the training of professionals on the control of these cancers, 72.2% did not receive or did it more than 3 years ago. A large majority of professionals (> 80%) demonstrated knowledge about the age range and frequency indicated for screening mammography and investigated the risk factors for Breast cancer. Regarding cervical cancer, only 45% demonstrated knowledge of the correct age range for screening. As for the recommended frequency, about 70% answered correctly. Around 90% investigates risk factors for cervical cancer. Conclusion: The study found important gaps in the CAP regarding the actions of the control of the CM and, especially of the CCU, among professionals in the primary care network, resulting in a possible obstacle to improving the coverage of these actions and, therefore, in reducing the incidence and mortality from these cancers. The evaluation showed professional groups with inadequate CAP. The knowledge of doctors, male, over 50 years old and the practices and attitudes towards the youngest should be encouraged, directing the coping and planning of the control of these cancers