Técnicas de individualização de pino de fibra de vidro em dentes fragilizados

Abstract

The glass fiber posts (GFP) are used by odontology to give back the function and keep the final restoration of endodontically treated teeth with structural impairment by dental caries, erosion, abrasion, injuries, fractures, iatrogenic procedures or pulp pathologies. GFP are more aesthetics and presents module of elasticity similar of dentin and low risk of irreversible radicular fracture when they are compared to cast-metal cores. As they are prefabricated, the posts used right in the dental canal not fit correctly to the remaining root structure, for example, in cases of flared canals and weakened root. As well, it can result in a space between the post and walls of dental root, which may create a thick cement layer and low bond strength values. In this situation, the individualization techniques are used. The individualization techniques promote a great fit on the root canal, brings good retention and mechanical embracing by a thin layer of cement, increase the contact surface and decreases the dependence on adhesiveness, and also enhance the resistance in case of dental extrusion. The aim of this study was a review of literature about the different techniques of glass fiber posts individualization in weakened teeth, including techniques and protocols used at the surface treatment and cementation procedure pointing at the best option to use. The study was based on information of published articles found at Scielo and PuBmed with the following terms: glass fiber post, weakened teeth, individualization techniques, pino de fibra de vidro, dentes fragilizados, técnicas de individualização. About 38 articles were found, published from 2008 to 2019, and 23 articles were used. According to the literature, the conclusion is that the best technique is the anatomic post with bulk fill resin which is associated to surface treatment with hydrogen peroxide 24% and cemented with self-adhesive resin cements.