Rastreio do comprometimento cognitivo leve e práticas de cuidado em idosos atendidos na estratégia saúde da família

Abstract

The aging of the world population has many consequences and challenges for health systems. Diseases that are common to the elderly gain greater importance, and the alterations that these cause in the health of an individual are the object of research, in the search for strategies to meet this new demand. It is projected for the year 2060 that the percentage of the population aged 65 and over will reach 25.5% in Brazil, a demographic phenomenon that represents an important change in the social structure. This transition is associated with an increase in chronic degenerative diseases, especially dementias. The objective of this project was to verify the frequency of mild cognitive impairment in the population of 472 elderly in the health area of the Family Health Strategy (ESF) of the neighborhood Nossa Senhora Aparecida, in the city of Manhuaçu - MG. This is an observational, sectional, population-type study. The Mini Mental State Mental Test (MMSE) was used to track mild cognitive impairment (CCM) and to evaluate functional capacity a modified Katz scale was used that evaluates ABVD. Other risk factors for mild cognitive impairment, such as lifestyle, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, B12 hypovitaminosis, obesity, depression, alcoholism, smoking, syphilis and low schooling will be evaluated by means of a laboratory examination and a semi-structured questionnaire prepared by research. The statistical report and data analysis were done in software R (version 3.5.2) with significance level of 5%. 315 elderly people participated in the final analysis. There was a predominance of females (62.9%); the most frequent income range was up to 1 minimum wage (54.1%); the mean age was 70.1 years; 87.3% of the elderly presented as family arrangement the classification of accompanied. The mean score of the MEEM was 21.34 (standard deviation 4.8) with positive CCL of 26.3%. There was a positive association between CCL and the variables schooling> 4 years (p-value <0.001), age (p-value = 0.004), income between 1 and 2 minimum wages (p-value = 0.024) p = 0.028) and widowed (p-value = 0.039), MMSE evocation of 3 words (p-value <0.001), alcoholism (p-value = 0.017). From the results found, the need for the elderly of the ESF Nossa Senhora Aparecida was evidenced, especially those who had positive screening for CCL inserted into programs that allow the follow-up by a multiprofessional team, in a systematic and organized way in a care flow in order to enable preparation of an individual care plan.