Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pessoas em hemodiálise: um estudo transversal

Abstract

Introduction: Hemodialysis is a treatment for chronic kidney disease performed three times a week for four hours per session, which can interfere with the daily lives and quality of life of those undergoing it. Objective: To analyze the health-related quality of life of people undergoing hemodialysis. Methodology: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted in a hemodialysis service of a teaching hospital in the interior of Minas Gerais. Forty-six individuals who had been undergoing hemodialysis for at least three months participated in the study. Data collection used a structured form with sociodemographic and clinical information, the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies, and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form 1.3 questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Results: Of the participants, 57% (n=26) were female, with a median age of 63 years. Regarding the average monthly income, 39% (n=18) received up to a minimum wage, 63% (n=36) did not complete high school. Clinically, 87% (n=40) of the participants reported having a diagnosis of Systemic Arterial Hypertension and 41% (n=19) had Diabetes Mellitus. The worst scores in health-related quality of life were in the generic components of Mental Health (41.13 points) and Physical Health (51.31 points), in addition to professional activity (39.36 points). In contrast, the team stimulus domain achieved the best score (96.54 points), followed by patient satisfaction (92.55 points). Conclusion: The results present clinical applicability for health and Nursing, supporting the development of targeted care plans aimed at improving the quality of life of these patients.