O uso dos atratores pedagógicos como metodologia alternativa para o conhecimento em microbiologia

Abstract

Pedagogical teaching proposals can provoke more active and constructivist participation in the teaching and learning process among students through adapted practical classes that stimulate more senses of the learners. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of four alternative learning methods using pedagogical attractors in microbiology. This approach seeks to demystify the view of microorganisms solely as pathogens, which is presented, albeit indirectly, by most textbooks provided in schools. The work was conducted at the Prof. Paulo Freire State School, located in the municipality of Governador Valadares – MG, with first-year high school classes in the year 2021. The activities utilized practical guides, developed and adapted, for the cultivation of Kefir, the preparation of turbocharged organic fertilizer, an educational game named Microbiota, and the analysis of fungal growth through fermentation. The activities developed greater investigative protagonism in students and contributed to a more adequate view of the microbial world, as well as its usefulness. Through questionnaires, students' prior and biological knowledge was assessed before and after the application of the attractors, demonstrating positive and encouraging results, both in the qualitative evolution of the answers as they were more elaborated and included new terms, and in the quantitative increase of correct answers. Thus, the use of pedagogical attractors proved to be viable and even efficient in its final objective, in a way achieving the expected results, thus the application or adaptation of the attractors can be perfectly reproduced by other biology teachers, making it favorable for use in other schools or educational environments.