Suicídio, mídia e discurso: uma análise discursiva dos relatos de si de sujeitos suicidas no Facebook

Abstract

In this work, we seek to analyze, by means of Discourse Analysis’s theoretical formulations (henceforth, DA), the effects of sense in suicidal stories posted on Facebook. For this proposal, we formulate the concept of symbolic destitution, understood as a profound crisis of the relation between subject and discourse. As there is no subject without sense, symbolic destitution is followed by a restitution, although not always by the socially legitimized ways. This restitution can be the desire of annihilation of oneself. If all form of power presupposes its own modes of resistance, the notion of renunciation lacks formulations. Our hypothesis points to revolt and apathy as possible answers to symbolic destitution, may annihilation presented as a result. In the same way, we seek to bring to the core of discursive theories Michel Foucault’s expression “modes of subjection” as capitalist subject-form potential realizations. Hereupon, we pretend to address that the neoliberal subjection mode, which constitutes western subjectivity’s ideological matrix, it is not a merely accumulated form of capitalism, but engenders modulations of distinct discursive orders. Among this orders, we observed biomedical discourse as an articulator of suicidal discursive practices; the condition of victimhood as a legitimized suffering expression form; and social networks as a preferential site for writing about oneself. Posts gathered on this research were analyzed based on historical conditions of production of those stories; the symptom represented by suicidal subject; and on an investigation about discourse’s vestiges on language.