Efeitos de diferentes tipos de treinamento físico nos parâmetros reprodutivos de ratos Wistar superalimentados na infância

Abstract

Obesity may have its origin during critical stages of development, such as the lactation period, through metabolic programming. In experimental models, overfeeding in childhood is studied by the litter reduction method. Obesity/ overweight were important conditions for the development of metabolic and reproductive disorders, our objective was to evaluate the effects of two physical exercise modalities (endurance and HIIT) performed in periods of metabolic plasticity in the reproductive and metabolic parameters of individuals programmed in childhood by overfeeding. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, one with standard litter size, with 10 males per litter, which was not submitted to physical training (NCSed) and the other with litter size reduced to four males / litters; were divided into three groups: sedentary group (NRSed), endurance exercised group (NREnd) and exercised group HIIT (NRHiit). Metabolic tests such as the oral glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, the biochemical profile of these animals were also evaluated, as well as the weight, consumption, weight of retroperitoneal and perigonadal fats and organs of the components of the male reproductive system . Vitality, concentration, sperm morphology and structural organization of the epididymis and testis were also analyzed. The model of overfeeding by litter reduction was effective for obesity induction, without altering the sperm parameters nor the structural organization of the reproductive organs evaluated. The exercised groups (NREnd and NRHiit) presented lower retroperitoneal, perigonadal, glycemia, and an improvement in insulin resistance and physical capacity test when compared with NCSed. Thus, we suggest that overfeeding in childhood induced by litter reduction does not affect reproductive capacity and that physical exercise was able to change some parameters, such as fat weight and glycemic metabolism, associated with the metabolic syndrome observed in adult animals obese in this programming model.