O amador no audiovisual: a incorporação de conteúdos gerados por cidadãos comuns às produções jornalísticas da televisão brasileira

Abstract

The amateur in the contemporary Brazilian audiovisual establishes a "hybrid" bond with the productions of television journalism, which mixes authorship, curation and audience by non-journalists. In this environment, the redefinition - or sometimes indefinition - of frontiers between amateurism and professionalism are mainly responsible for the hybrid nature of these relations. We analyzed, through the Collaborative Frames: "Outro Olhar" - TV Brasil and "Parceiro do RJ" - Rede Globo, TV as a phenomenon of culture and social practice. And, in this way, the role of the ordinary citizen, as "collaborative journalist" in the current scenario of Brazilian television journalism. Both paintings open space for citizen participation in the role of journalist (reporter, curator, cameraman, editing assistant, etc.). The objective is to understand if collaborative journalism in the country, through our clipping, contributes to a more pluralistic journalistic practice, promoting decentralization in the approaches and choices of what becomes news. Our main task, therefore, is to map the levels of (in) subordination to the "professional" narrative of the amateur in the audiovisual, through two collaborative tables of open TV in Brazil. television news, which times and spaces are appropriated by the non-journalist when breaking in or interrupting the news, with productions equalized to a greater or lesser degree by the broadcasters' speeches and editorial lines. As specific objectives, we seek to understand the contradictions and similarities that may exist between the material produced by ordinary citizens in public television (TV Brasil) and commercial (RJTV-Rede Globo). For the methodological procedure, we bring the Television Analysis (BECKER, 2012), which allows a critical reading of news content and formats that use audiovisual language and multimedia resources in TV and web, considering that the expressive participation of audiences, transmidiality and the hybridization of languages are relevant characteristics of the current media communication processes.The steps of this methodology consist of 1-Description of the object, 2-televisual analysis (quali-quantitative, with 6 basic categories and 3 principles of enunciation) and 3-interpretation of the results. Structure of the text Thematic, Enunciators, Visuals, Sound and Editing are the categories applied in quantitative analysis, while Fragmentation, Role Play and Definition of Identities and Values integrate the principles of Enunciation used in Qualitative Analysis. As results, we discover that "collaborative audiovisual content is placed on the fringes of the scheduling operationalized by news production. This conduct, by the two broadcasters, gives collaborative pictures, because of the poor connection with the rest of the "body" of television news produced by "professionals" - the feeling that they are a kind of "grafted product" in the narrative, little contextualized audiovisual fragments that operate a break in the discursive flow of television news. The denaturation of this procedure reveals that these audiovisual grafts are bets and not certainties of valorization and incorporation of the discourse of others and imply the onus and bonuses of the segregation to which they are submitted.