Intervenções dos enfermeiros na atenção primária à saúde para prevenção do câncer de colo de útero

Abstract

This is a qualitative exploratory and descriptive research focusing nursing interventions in primary health care for cervical cancer prevention based on health promotion model proposed by Nola Pender. The aims of the research are: identify nursing interventions to prevent cervical cancer in primary health care; classify interventions in behavioral, cognitive and social levels and analyze the interventions performed by nurses in primary health care especially those that may lead to changes in behaviors, habits and lifestyles in health promotion and prevention regarding cervical cancer. Research setting was two primary health care units in a city of Zona da Mata Mineira. The participants were eighteen women enrolled and assisted in family health strategy performed at primary health care units. These women were aged 25-64 years and they were assisted by nurses focusing cervical cancer prevention. Data were collected through structured interviews with a questionnaire with open and closed questions. These interviews were recorded with digital recorder and transcribed for further analysis. All requirements of the Resolution 466/2012 from National Health Council have been met. The analysis process was based on the assumptions from the diagram of Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender. Data were organized into four a priori categories: Characteristics (Previous Behavior and Personal Factors); Specific behavior (Benefits, Barriers, Perceptions and Influences); Result of the Behavior and Individual Experiences and Nursing in the Prevention of cervical cancer: Behavioral, Cognitive and Social Interventions. It was possible to identify that Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model may clarify the relationship between difficulties, facilities and women perceptions for cervical cancer prevention. It may also indicate and enhance nursing actions in cervical cancer screening and health promotion among women.