Cotidiano terapêutico do adolescente que convive com HIV: uma investigação à luz da fenomenologia

Abstract

This study aimed to reveal the living of everyday life for HIV-positive adolescents in treatment with antiretroviral. This is a qualitative research phenomenological approach, based on the theoretical-philosophical and methodological framework of Martin Heidegger. The scenario consisted of a Specialized Service at Zona da Mata Mineira and participants were seropositive ten adolescents aged 12 to 18 in outpatient treatment. To obtain the information used to phenomenological interview, through the open technical interview and a questionnaire. He sought in the statements the essential structures that originated six meanings of Units: For adolescents is difficult to accept the disease; Teenagers have knowledge about their own disease, its transmission and prevention; therapeutic daily: difficulties encountered and ways to maintain adherence to treatment; Not to be discriminated choose to keep secret the intake of antiretroviral. This secret is shared only with family and close people; Teenagers know the effects that non-adherence causes the body; and the importance of treatment provided by Specialized Service Centre is recognized by adolescents. The vague understanding and median allowed to achieve the thread, which in turn, originated the concept of being toward the interpretative analysis. The hermeneutics unveiled that the teen be HIV carrier leads a normal life like any other; They have good relationships with colleagues, but his condition is kept secret with family or few friends; feel angry, denies, has difficulty in accepting the disease. Teenagers know some forms of transmission and prevention of HIV, but do not have in-depth understanding, seek ways to overcome the difficulties of drug therapy while remaining compliant with the treatment and healthy and recognize the importance of being accompanied by a specialized service. This research pointed to in-visibility of nursing professionals with adolescents and that it is necessary an integral and humanized care to achieve better adherence to antiretroviral therapy, to improve the quality of life and health of HIV-positive adolescents and allow that these new possibilities to experience.