Análise de classe e pobreza no Brasil

Abstract

This dissertation is a literature review of approaches from different perspectives on the phenomenon of poverty. Theoretical and methodological discussions are on the agenda of economists and sociologists in order to establish another way of defining and measuring the phenomenon of poverty. For this proposition was necessary to overcome the remaining areas and their approaches. The Economic Perspective and the approach through the income paradigm, the Sociological Perspective on the basis of orthodox Marxist structuralism and also that his culturalist rationality approach that focuses on the concept of subcultures of class and poor adjustment, as Amartya Sen and his concept of capabilities. The objective was to propose an analytical strategy that focuses on determining the substantive results obtained by people in a capitalist economy. Critical realism has been adopted as metateoric support of the research. The hypothesis was that a class model better respond to the dilemmas present in the broad field of the theme chosen. This perspective finds answers that are embedded in the structure of the world and place itself in the foreground of the general topic of poverty. The class holds a primordial explicative importance because the material aspect is the only factor that can be assigned as a asymmetric cause. The deprivations created by the exclusion of assets in a capitalist system are not simply an unfortunate byproduct of the capitalist pursuit of profit, they are a necessary condition for this pursuit.