Um conceito para liderança escolar: estudo realizado com diretores de escolas da rede pública estadual de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The thesis presents research on school leadership in order to propose and validate a concept for this phenomenon in the context of public schools in the state of Minas Gerais. In the first part of the work, under the framework of three major sets of knowledge areas: i) Political Sciences and Sociology, ii) Organizational Psychology and Administration, and iii) Sociology of Education, a concept of school leadership under four dimensions: political, relational, technical and pedagogical, is proposed. From this concept, and in view of the official documents of the SEE/MG, especially the ESS Resolution No. 1812, March 22, 2011, which regulates the certification of skills for school director, a Leadership School Matrix was drew up. From this matrix's skills, an online questionnaire was brought up and sent by e-mail to all managers in public schools of Minas Gerais. In the second part of the work, the responses from 1.486 school directors were analyzed based on quantitative methodologies in order to build, validate and interpret scales of school leadership. In a complementary study, through linear regressions, leading factors were correlated to students academic proficiency, based on the SIMAVE/PROEB 2011. In the analyzes, it was possible to realize the need to adjust the concept originally proposed, so the Politics and Relational school leadership dimensions were grouped in the Communication factor. The Pedagogical dimension brought up the Focus on Learning factor. A portion of the Technical dimension was grouped in the Administrative Practices factor. Part of the same dimension and Interpersonal dimension were grouped in Negative Attitudes factor. Focus on Learning and Negative Attitudes factors seem to be linked to proficiency for the EF 5th and 9th years. The Negative Attitudes factor is the only one present in the EM 3rd year, in all series this factor predicts drop in performance. In the final proposition of the concept, school leadership is here seen as a democratic management exercise, that should be coordinated and executed by the director in a collective way in schools. Its goal is to increase the quality of education and the promotion of equity. For achieving this, continuous focus on learning, adhesion of effective communication actions, efficient administrative practices and directors positive attitudes regarding their own leadership capabilities are necessary.