Associação entre violência doméstica e bullying em adolescentes da rede pública municipal de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

The association between domestic violence and bullying among adolescents in the Juiz de Fora city is a survey of the Master Degree Program in Psychology at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora with the City Department of Education, which aimed to identify and study the characteristics of association between Domestic Violence and Bullying in adolescents from the sixth to ninth grade. This is a cross-sectional exploratory in nature with participants selected by probability sampling technique and calculations of sampling weights for students to avoid the effects of non-response. The research was conducted a in two steps: (I) a field survey quantitative and descriptive, using the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire, aiming to raise the prevalence of bullying and identify the involvement of adolescents in situations of bullying as victims, perpetrators and not involved/viewers. Data from this phase were processed and analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Science for Windows (SPSS) in complex samples module for consideration of the characteristics of complex sample design as possible effects of non-response. The second phase of the research consisted of a qualitative field study using semi-structured interviews submitted to the technique of content analysis with adolescents involved in more serious situations of bullying as victims, perpetrators and bystanders. This step aims to identify and study the contexts and perspectives relating to domestic violence (DV), the bullying and the association (or not) of both phenomena among adolescents. The results of the quantitative study for the confidence interval of 95%, allowed to estimate that about 62, 2% of the sample (n = 470 students) is involved in bullying situations. Regarding performance among those involved in bullying in terms of victimization, it is estimated that 32% of males and females 68%. Among those who were involved as aggressors/bullies, it is estimated that 42.8% are boys and 57.2% girls. In relation to aggressive behavior, 82.2% were verbal or psychological type and 4.9% of physical assaults type. The most prevalent occurrence of aggression were the classroom (39.49%) and recreation (27.56%). The results of the qualitative study, conducted with a sample of 27 participants selected from the analyzes of the quantitative study showed that the victims (12) and bullies (9) have impairment of family relationships through the use of physical and psychological aggression as a strategy of conflict resolution. Additionally, 77.8% reported the use of the same behaviors when involved in a conflict or discussion among peers at school. The results generally support the hypothesis of an association between the phenomena of domestic violence and bullying among adolescents. So with the description of such phenomena provided by this study, specifically with regard to local conditions, it is suggested that strategies are outlined for intervention and prevention of phenomena, together with the social and educational assistance to families and school community.