Monitoramento da carga interna e respostas longitudinais de marcadores da carga de treinamento no futsal

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the dynamics of internal training load in a macrocycle of high-performance futsal using the session Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) and verify the relationship between training load applied to long-term and longitudinal responses of biochemical markers creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit; immunological markers number of leukocytes, number of neutrophils and number of lymphocytes; and psychological marker RESTQ-76 SPORT. The sample consisted of 13 athletes participating in the Brazilian Futsal National League (26.9 ± 5.4 years, 73.8 ± 4.7 kg). The total weekly training load (CTST), monotony and strain were calculated, over 37 weeks divided into preparation period (PP), competitive period I (PCI) and competitive period II (PCII). At the end of mesocycles (meso) 2 to 8, biochemical, immunological and psychological variables were analyzed. Using repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test, the PP was shown to have CTST larger than the PCI and PCII. Using the same procedure, significant differences were observed in CST among the mesos: 4 < 1, 2, 3 e 7; 5 < 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 e 7; 6 < 1; 8 e 9 < 1, 2, 3, 6 e 7 (p<0,05). Using Pearson correlation, were founded significant correlations, however with low level between CK x CTST and LDH x CTST considering the average mesocycle values, in addition to a moderate and significant correlation between CK x CTST of the previous week. Significant correlations were also found at a moderate level between CK and some scales in RESTQ-76 SPORT. We can conclude that the athletes were subjected to a high CT during the PP, and a subsequent decrease in competitive period (PC). However, due to long-term PC in futsal, applications of high loads are needed in the competitive period. In addition, CT has an oscillatory characteristic, adapting to the competition schedule. We also conclude that the biochemical, immunological and psychological markers used in this study did not correlate with CT applied to a long term. However, is a variable that could be more sensitive to loads applied at shorter training cycles, and RESTQ-76 SPORT is a good indicator to detect the fatigue state.