O cuidado de enfermagem sob a óptica de pacientes oncológicos em cuidados paliativos: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Palliative care presents itself as a care modality whose measures aim to promote quality of life for patients and families facing the problems associated with serious, progressive, and incurable diseases. In Brazil, about 650,000 people need to resort to this type of care, and 80% of this number corresponds to cancer patients. By understanding the needs of cancer patients in palliative care, it is important for nurses to evaluate how their care is provided, in a way that allows them to reflect and direct actions that can contribute to a quality of life, survival and minimization of fears, anguish, suffering as many patients, as well as family and nursing staff. The objective of this scope review to identify the perception of cancer patients in palliative care about nursing care in the hospital environment. The JBI methodology was adopted for scope review, in PubMed/Medline, Cinahl Cochrane, LILACS, BDENF, Scopus and Web of Science databases, to answer the following research question: “What is the perception of cancer patients in palliative measures on nursing care in the hospital environment?” The period of search and data collection took place between the months of February and April 2022. Studies published in full in Portuguese, English or Spanish were included, with a population of patients aged 18 years or older. No time limit has been set. Studies that did not show that the population received palliative care were excluded. Results: from the studies analyzed in full, 14 studies were selected, whose results were categorized into: “Necessary skills for quality nursing care” which is subdivided into three subthemes: “Knowledge”, “Skill” and “Attitude”. Conclusion: it is evident that nursing care in palliative care must cover, according to the patients' perception, the individual's uniqueness and needs. It highlights the role of communication as a care action to be developed by nurses.