Valorização, reconhecimento e satisfação no trabalho do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde

Abstract

Nurses are strategic professionals and represent a significant health workforce in Brazil. In Primary Health Care, they carry out educational, assistance / managerial, teaching / research and political participation actions. This research was motivated by the launch of the Nursing Now Campaign. It is known that appreciation, recognition and satisfaction are important aspects for nurses and influence their work life. This study aimed to understand how nurses perceive the appreciation, recognition and satisfaction in the work developed in Primary Health Care. 132 PHC nurses from 23 small (14), medium (6) and large (3) municipalities participated. ) of Minas Gerais. This is a descriptive-exploratory study. Participants answered an online questionnaire built on the Google Forms platform, consisting of 36 questions. Data were collected in the period from May to December 2019, subsequently treated using the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires - Iramuteq 0.7 alpha 2 and analyzed according to the assumptions of the Content Analysis technique proposed by Laurence Bardin. The research was submitted to the Ethics and Research Committee, meeting all the requirements set out in Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council. Results: two categories of analysis emerged: a) What nurses think and feel about valorization, recognition and satisfaction with work in PHC; b) Existing factors in the work of PHC nurses and stakeholders for (un) appreciation, (non) recognition and (in) satisfaction in PHC. It was understood that nurses understand the terms valuation and recognition assimilar and that both contribute to the feeling of satisfaction. Thus, the three terms are interconnected and have the potential to interfere in their work process in PHC. It was identified that nurses felt more devalued than valued. However, they felt more recognized and satisfied with the work developed. It was found that the factors involved in the valuation, recognition and job satisfaction of the PHC nurses found, were in line with the factors already provided in the scientific literature, such as: the work planning developed by the nurse; professional commitment; the ability to resolve conflicts; professional qualification; interpersonal relationships; the visibility of the profession; the incentive and recognition of management and reduced workload. The negative factors highlighted were work overload; the lack of working conditions; unsatisfactory salary; professional instability; the lack of incentives for qualification; invisibility; the lack of respect; reduced autonomy and the influence of local party politics on health. It is expected that the results of this study will be used to support public policies for the appreciation and recognition of PHC nurses, especially this year, in which the international year of nursing is celebrated.