Relação entre as cargas de treinamento, recuperação e burnout em atletas de voleibol

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout syndrome in volleyball athletes, and to verify possible burnout relationships with training and recovery loads during the season. Fourteen male volleyball players participated in this study. The prevalence of burnout syndrome was verified through the Burnout Questionnaire for Athletes (QBA) and stress and recovery was used with the Stress and Recovery Questionnaire (RESTQ-Sport), both were applied at 4 times of the season: preseason, final stages of the state championship, first phase Superliga B and second phase of Superliga B. For the investigation of the training load, the internal load obtained through the PSE (Effective Subjective Perception) of the daily collected session was used. Then, the sum of weekly training loads (CTST) of the 4 weeks prior to the collection day was performed. The results indicated the perception of low and continuous indices in relation to the total burnout and its dimensions during the season. Regarding vulnerability to the syndrome, it was found that most athletes at all times and variables of burnout presented low manifestation of the syndrome. Regarding the loads, there was an increase of the preseason for the other moments and then a maintenance of the loads between the moments of the season. Regarding the relationship between burnout and training load, a positive correlation was observed between total burnout and the physical and emotional exhaustion dimension with the loads related to the second phase of Superleague B. Regarding stress and recovery, the athletes presented a stable behavior. during the four collection moments. When verifying the relation of load with stress and recovery, a negative correlation was observed between sleep quality and the loads of the last moment of collection. Regarding the relationship between stress and recovery with burnout, correlations were found at all times with several variables. It was concluded that there was an adequate distribution of training loads throughout the season, thus providing a low perception regarding burnout syndrome in athletes, as well as a feeling of satisfaction regarding the modality practiced and that the incidence to burnout is individual, ie characteristics of each athlete may influence vulnerability to the syndrome. Stressing, therefore, the importance of monitoring the training and recovery loads, aiming at the positive adaptations to the athlete, as well as their best performance.