A história do absoluto: teogonia e cosmogonia no ‘sistema dos tempos’ de Schelling

Abstract

The present research was developed aiming to understand and to expose the idea of God or primal Being’s genesis and the world of finite beings from this point on, in the perspective of F.W.J. Schelling, such as presented in The Ages of the World. To this effect the research was driven by the radical question ‘why is there something rather than nothing?’. For its part, this question was analyzed in the context of the formulation of a system of times in whose interior is articulated the yet-to-come of the primal Being and God's life in its different ages. From that ontological-metaphysical radical question comes out the understanding that the appearance of finite beings from God is a free and conscious process, i.e. God wants to reveal Himself. Schelling's purpose in The Ages of the World is to narrate this process scientifically, i.e. to show how the Absolute come out from itself and is revealed in the creation. The question, at this point, is an investigation of the Being, which reveals the metaphysical aspect of this research. Along with this radical question, is necessary to consider other some in order to achieve the purposes of this research: what makes possible for the finite and limited to know the infinite and unlimited? In other words, how can the man know God? And furthermore, how to know and understand the advent of time in its bipolarity finiteness/endlessness? That brings us to the epistemological aspect of this research. The answers to these questions contain an idea that will be widely explored in the research following this project: Schelling believes is an analogy between God and the human being and, therefore, the man has a co-knowledge of the creation. This is the fundamental idea followelly the investigations of Schelling in this research.