Proposta de ferramental para análise nas perspectivas relacional e ética de estratégias políticas de empresas que operam em setores regulados: o caso do setor ferroviário brasileiro

Abstract

This research investigates the Brazilian rail freight sector, especially regarding the strategies of the concessionaires of the sector. As of 2010, changes in the regulatory agency's position, guided by Federal Government guidelines, have brought a considerable impact without day to day rail freight concessions. In 2011, the regulatory agency issued three resolutions that became known as the "new regulatory framework" of the rail freight sector. Soon after the issuance of these resolutions, in 2012, there was the first process of tariff revision of the sector. Also in 2012, the Federal Government launched the Logistics Investment Program (PIL), in which the current concession model, known as vertical integration, was changed to a free passage model. All these changes have generated an intense movement of airports of the railroad of loads. As concessionaires, with their association of class representation, they tried to influence, especially the regulatory body, in relation to the impacts. The users, also supported by their representative associations, supported a decision of the regulator to minimize the effects of the monopolistic performance of the concessions. These moves to influence public power with decision-making power in a particular public policy issue are directed at business strategies, its purpose is to generate business-friendly policy decisions or the quality sector. The success of political strategies depends on the construction of a series of interlacings between actors that can influence directly or indirectly as decisions in public policies and not legal and regulatory framework. Such interlinkages constitute strategic alliances, which form a political network of business value. However, it is imperative that policy strategies adhere to the principles of ethics and corporate integrity. Aiming to assist as companies that operate in regulated sectors, especially as the rail freight sector, this research developed a population analyst, from a relational perspective, in order to contribute to a more effective management companies, considering as institutional particularities of their context. Ethical principles. Such manipulation originated from a theoretical foundation, supported later theories: political strategies, economic regulation, collective action, stakeholders, institutional, agency, networks and business ethics. The analytical project proposed for refining by means of interviews with professionals related to the rail freight sector, for in-depth analysis of three processes of regulated change and partial application of the proposed analytical project in a company of the sector. The method used for the purpose of case studies, in which triangulated data from semi-structured interviews, public documents and records in various media. As the main results, the research could highlight the types of incentive systems used in freight rail concessions in specific processes of regulatory change; a perception of the interviewees regarding the regulatory environment; it is an ethical stance of the actors that compose the railroad cargo industry. Finally, the proposed proposal analyst was relevant to the reality of the companies in the sector.