Modelo cosmológico com gás de partículas relativísticas e formação de estruturas

Abstract

The Model of the Reduced Gas is a new approximation for relativistic ideal gas of massive particles. We built a state equation that is given by a simple and elementary function and, at the same time, it represents an excellent approximation the (quite complicated) state equation based on the distribution of Maxwell. Our model admits analytical solution of the equation of Friedmann, besides in the most complex cases when the cosmological term or radiation is present. In all situations, the relativistic gas behaves in an intermediate way between dust and radiation. With objective of studying the formation of structures, we built the equations for small perturbations in the metric and in the density around the homogeneous and isotropy background. In the extreme case with gas of no-relativistic particles, the power spectrum reproduces it result pattern of ACDM.