Radiações eletromagnéticas não ionizantes em unidades de conservação da natureza: diagnóstico, proposta para mapeamento, monitoramento, avaliação de riscos e licenciamento ambiental

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the presence of non-ionizing radiations in protected areas, and to estimate the possible risks of those radiations for the ecosystem. The ranges of interests are the radiofrequencies, typical of installations for telecommunication systems, largely used nowadays. Based on previous international scientific researches, we proposed a table with levels of environmental risks resulting from radiation. That chart will allow people to evaluate the situation of each region in the unit perimeter or buffer zone. A diagnostic on the situation of the electromagnetic radiations in federal protected areas in Brazil was made, through the application of questionnaires among managers. A method of mapping of geoprocessing techniques was developed. This method permits that a map containing the intensity of the electromagnetic radiations could be used with the management plan or unit zoning and better the conditions of hazard analyzing, management and future research. Based on the vigent legislation, an analysis under the legal point of view was done, and we propose rules related to environmental licensing for telecommunication towers inside or next to the protected areas.