Obtenção de derivados da 5’-metil-tioadenosina, potenciais agentes antimaláricos

Abstract

This work presents a new method for the synthesis of 5’-methylthioadenosyne (MTA) analogues, which is an important metabolic regulator and controller of the 5’-methylthioadenonsine/S-adenosylhomocysteine (MTA/AdoHcy) nucleosidase. This enzyme is present in many pathogen microbes, for example, in the Plasmodium falciparum, and this one is essential for your metabolism. The microorganism P. falciparum causes malaria, a disease, which affects a lot of people in countries of third world and it has been increasing every day. In the synthesis of analogues, a total synthesis from D-glucose was used. The carbohydrates are very used in synthesis, since they show a low cost and defined estereocenters. This carbohydrate was initially treated with acetone in acidic conditions, giving rise to the derivative 1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose 1, which was submitted to a regioselective deprotection in C-5 and C-6, furnishing 1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose 2. For this derivative a oxidative cleavage in C-5/C-6 and in sequence an aldol reaction are realized, leading to the intermediate 4-C-hydroxymethyl-1,2-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-xylofuranose 3. A tosilation of this intermediate and in sequence a reaction using potassium thioacetate, through an intra nucleophilic substitution, produce the compound 1,2-O-isopropylidene-4,4-C-tietane-3-O-toluenesulphonyl-α-D-threofuranose 6. In this intermediate, an acetylation of this hydroxyls in C-1 and C-2 followed by a coupling with nitrogen base were carried out, leading to the nucleosides precursors 6-N-benzoyl-9-[2’-O-acetyl-4’,4’-C-tietane-3’-O-toluenesulphonyl-β-D-threofuranosyl]-adenine 10a e 6-N- benzoyl -9-[2’-O- acetyl -4’,4’-C- tietane -3’-O- toluenesulphonyl -α-D-threofuranosyl]-adenine 10b. In the first precursor (isomer β) a deprotection in the acyl groups was made, furnishing the compound 9,2’-anhydrous-[4’,4’-C-tietane-β-D-erithrofuranosyl]-adenine 11, which is an analogue of MTA. All obtained compounds were characterized by different spectroscopic techniques, including infrared spectroscopy, 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry.