Impacto das exportações brasileiras sobre o setor de energia: uma análise de equilíbrio geral

Abstract

The aim of the present work is to analyze the impact of quantity and price changes of the main goods in the Brazilian export list on sectors such as oil and natural gas, electrical energy, biomass and the energy sector as a whole. Additionally, the influence of these changes on the macroeconomic variables, like employment, trade balance and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), is examined. The performance of the energy sector, in terms of its value added and investment, household consumption, export demand, supply of domestic goods, is analyzed by means of micro-simulations of the Computable General Equilibrium model. Based on the EFES-ENERGY model, gauged for 2002, the brazilian economy is divided into 43 sectors and 77 commodities. One out of 43 sectors and three out of 77 commodities are referred to the energy sector. The main results show that the shift of price and demand curves of the main Brazilian export commodities has a positive impact upon GDP in the short run, mainly because of oil and natural gas sectors. On the other hand, positive impacts have occurred in the energy sector investments, especially if the biomass sector is considered.