Implementação computacional paralela da homogeneização por expansão assintótica para análise de problemas mecânicos em 3D

Abstract

The Asymptotic Expansion Homogenization (AEH) is a multiscale technique applied to estimate the effective properties of heterogeneous media with periodical structure. The main advantages of this technique are the reduction of the problem size to be solved and the ability to employ an homogenized property that keeps information from the heterogeneous microstructure. In association with the Finite Element Method (FEM), the AEH requires the application of periodic boundary conditions, which must be taken into account during the generation of FE meshes. Such models represent periodic cells, which are representative volumes for heterogeneous media and, in some cases, present a geometric and physics complexity that demands refined meshes, leading to a significant computational cost. The aim of this work is to develop a parallel program that applies both FEM and AEH to estimate the elasticity properties of 3D bodies. A sequential version of the 2D program using C, and parallel versions using OpenMP and CUDA were implemented. A sequential version of the program, called HEA3D, was successfully implemented using FORTRAN. Also, a parallel version of the code was implemented using OpenMP. The validation of the codes consisted of comparisons of the numerical results obtained, with numerical and experimental data available in the literature, showing good agreement. Significant speedups were obtained by the parallel version of the code, achieving speedups up to 5.3 times over its sequential version.