Sociologia francesa contemporânea: elementos para a análise de um grupo circunstancial

Abstract

The present work seeks a synthetic account of some of the most important French sociological theories at the end of the XX century. At a first moment, it is displayed the critical sociology and its leading exponent, Pierre Bourdieu, trying to expose his main concepts and corollaries. A critical appreciation of this theory comes afterwards, showing its break-even points, following the systematic critics and appreciations of some sociological theories which worry themselves in point out the weakness and most sensible points of the critical theory. In a third moment, we present the ethnomethodology, as a theory that seeks to formalize the actor’s competences, understanding all the sociologies as a formalization of ordinary actors compentences in everyday life. Then, it is shown Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot’s sociology of critique. In the last chapter, we use these theories (especially the last one) as an analytical tool to think the emergence of an circumstantial group, by it meaning some people that, confronted with any misfortune with someone close, decide to gather and seek for policies that make justice to this unfortunate happening.