Controle da carga de treinamento em curto prazo marcadores hematológicos, psicológicos, enzimáticos e imunológicos

Abstract

The professional soccer consecrates a series of psychophysiological requirements that affect the body in a systematic way and sometimes do not allow the effective recovery between the competitions. This imbalance stress / recovery may lead to negative adjustments to training as overreaching and overtraining triggering signs of fatigue or exhaustion that affect different body mechanisms in various systems such as immunological, hematological, neuroendocrine, psychological and other physiological systems that interact. Thus, the aim of this study was analyse acute changes of the psychological, immunological, enzymatic and hematological variables during a short term of a pre season. The sample was composed by eight professional soccer players (22,1 ± 2,2 years, 9,37 ± 1,19 % body fat and speed anaerobic threshold - 13,53 ± 0,79 km/h) which were monitored during 8 days of a pre season and submitted to one evaluation before starting training (M1) and after 8 days of training (M2). Blood sample was collected to analyze creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hematological and immunological indices and been applied the POMS questionnaire.To check the difference hypothesis among M1 and M2 was performed student”s t-test for paired data and the level of significance adopted (p<0,05).Training load of each session was quantified by modified TRIMP.As a result there were a statistical significant increase in CK and LDH (p<0,05) while hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cels and total leukocytes were statistical significantly decrease (p<0,05) of M2 for M1. Despite the significant reductions in the hematological and immunological variables cited and of the significant increase in LDH, CK was the only variable exceeded the values of reference considered by literature. Thus, the CK variable seems to be more responsive to the training load in the short term and the most reliable parameter for monitoring training in this period, however further studies are needed to confirm these dados.