Licenciamento ambiental de um parque cemitério no município de Bom Jardim de Minas, Minas Gerais

Abstract

The Municipal Cemetery of Bom Jardim de Minas is currently nearing its burial capacity limit due to the almost complete occupancy of existing graves, compromising the availability of areas for new burials in the municipality. Given this scenario, the need arises to establish a new cemetery to meet local demand. It should be noted that cemeteries are classified as potentially polluting and environmentally degrading enterprises, mainly due to the risks of soil and groundwater contamination, making it essential to obtain the appropriate environmental license for their implementation and operation. In this sense, this work aims to develop the necessary technical study for the Environmental Licensing process of a cemetery park to be implemented in the municipality of Bom Jardim de Minas, Minas Gerais. The research will be based on the contextualization of environmental licensing in Brazil, highlighting its importance for potentially polluting enterprises, especially cemeteries, due to the risks associated with soil and groundwater contamination by leachate and the management of waste generated in these enterprises. The methodology adopted in this work will include, in addition to characterizing the typical environmental aspects and impacts of cemeteries, a review of applicable environmental legislation, including COPAM Normative Deliberation No. 217 and other SISEMA regulations, an environmental diagnosis of the area, identification of impacts during the implementation and operation phases, and recommendations for mitigating measures and environmental programs. The results of this work aim to analyze whether the proposed land meets the technical and locational criteria established by law, including minimum distances from water bodies, soil permeability conditions, groundwater depth, and the absence of Permanent Preservation Areas in the usable area of the project, thus supporting the preparation of studies that underpin the environmental licensing process for the Bom Jardim de Minas Cemetery Park, Minas Gerais.