Comparação das dimensões anatômicas tomográficas periodontais e dentais da maxila de pacientes com ou sem erupção passiva alterada: um estudo-piloto caso-controle

Abstract

Altered Passive Eruption (APE) is a developmental alteration affecting the extent of the gingiva and alveolar bone. The aim of this case-control pilot study was to evaluate periodontal and dental measurements of the maxillary buccal aspect in individuals with or without APE using tomographic assessment, and to generate data to enable sample size calculation for future investigations. Fourteen participants with healthy teeth were selected and matched into two groups: APE (n=7; age 26.6 ± 4.1 years; 5 women) and control (n=7; age 26.6 ± 3.8 years; 5 women), totaling 98 analyzed maxillary anterior teeth. The distance from the gingival margin (GM) to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) was greater in patients with APE compared to controls for central incisors (CI: 2.73 ± 0.64 mm vs. 1.65 ± 0.54 mm), lateral incisors (LI: 2.70 ± 0.76 mm vs. 1.69 ± 0.35 mm), first premolars (1PM: 1.35 ± 0.63 mm vs. 0.47 ± 0.46 mm), and first molars (1M: 2.14 ± 0.50 mm vs. 1.40 ± 0.57 mm) (ANOVA, p<0.05). The distance from the CEJ to the bone crest was smaller in patients with APE for LIs (1.31 ± 0.50 mm vs. 2.07 ± 0.57 mm) and 1PMs (0.99 ± 0.76 mm vs. 1.88 ± 0.64 mm) (ANOVA, p<0.05). In the studied individuals with APE, clinical crowns were more covered by gingival tissue, and the space for supracrestal attachment was reduced. Furthermore, the data collected here lead to the conclusion that future studies can be conducted with 90% statistical power by including 15 to 18 pairs of CT scans.