Frequência cardiaca máxima e sua recuperação

Abstract

Since Robinson's study, published in 1938, which used age as an independent variable, do not know any other variable that can improve the prediction of maximal heart rate (HRMAX). Recently it has been studied HR recovery (HRR) after maximal exercise, which has been identified as a predictor of mortality. To better understand HRMAX and HRR after maximal test, this study aimed to: 1) Identify if the maximum heart rate is influenced by heart rate variability (HRV) at rest 2) Suggest an assessment model FCREC relativized by the values of HRMAX 3) Test the strategy of the calculation of deltas for the times of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 s of recovery, and 4) Propose a strategy for calculating the FCREC by the percentage of recovery, as well as create an equation for predicting% FCREC. To achieve the proposed objectives, two studies were performed. Study 1 - 63 subjects were evaluated (21 women and 42 men) from 20 to 30 years. We evaluated the HR and your variability (HRV) at rest in a sitting position. Then, subjects performed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing on treadmill (Bruce Protocol). The subjects were divided by gender and the median of HRMAX in group high low HRMAX. The indices of (HRV) at rest in both groups were compared by ―t‖ test of Student for independent groups (p <0.05). Only the low frequency band (LF) was significantly different between groups. We conclude that higher values of LF at rest are associated with higher HRMAX. Study 2 - 77 individuals were assessed (24 women and 53 men) from 18 to 50 years. After Bruce protocol, FC was collected for 300s after the test. Correlation of the FCREC in absolute values, deltas and percentages at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 s with the HRMAX reached in the test. The group was also divided into groups and high and low HRMAX the median value of total group. The differences between group means were tested by ―t’ test for independent groups (p <0.05). It was observed that the absolute values of FCREC are correlated with HRMAX and thus not the best strategy for classification of that recovery. The deltas of FCREC, the fast phase (10-60 s) showed no correlation with the HRMAX. Already, in the slow phase (60 to 300 s) there was significant correlation with the HRMAX. The use of percentages of HRMAX proved to be the only strategy that at no time was correlated with the HRMAX. We constructed regression equations, one for each phase of the FCREC, to indicate the average values of recovery.