Tratamento térmico em bases de bráquetes monocristalinos silicatizados e silanizados: efeito na adesão ao esmalte

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on bond strength of monocrystalline brackets silica coating and silanization process. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, autorization number 161/2010. Sixty brackets monocrystalline alumina (Pure®, OrthoTechnology, Tampa, FL, EUA) and sixty premolars recently extracted for orthodontic were randomly, divided in three groups (n=20) according to the strategy of treating surfaces adhesive: G1 – no treatment (control group), G2 – blasting with alumina particles coated with silica 30 µm Cojet (3M ESPE/ Irvine, CA, EUA) + application of silane Monobond S (Ivoclar Vivadent, Shaan, Liechtenstein), and G3 – blasting (Cojet) + silanization + heat treatment with a hairdryer (Taiff Compact Turbo Dryer, 6000W, São Paulo, SP) to 100ºC ± 1, to 1 cm, for 60 s. After surface treatments, the brackets were bonded to teeth with orthodontic adhesive Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive (3M ESPE, Irvine, CA, EUA). The specimens were stored in distilled water for 100 days. During this period, half of the specimens of each group was subjected to thermocycling (-T) (6000 cycles, 5ºC ± 1ºC and 55ºC ± 1) with baths of 30 seconds. With the support of a universal mechanical testing machine (EMIC – DL 1000, Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil – FO/UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP) an device like a knife, the groups were submitted a shear bond strength test (1mm/min) until failure. The fractured surfaces were observed under debonded specimen surfaces were examined with a stereomicroscope (30×) to classify the types of failure and determine the adhesive remnant index (ARI). Twelve representative samples (n=2) were also observed in scanning electron microscopy. The results were statically analyzed using ANOVA (two-way) and means were compared by Tukey test with significance level of 5% for both tests. For the results of bond strength, the ANOVA revealed statistical significance for the interaction of surface treatment and thermocycling (p= 0,013) and the surface treatment (p= 0,0). The factor thermocycling did not influence the results statistically (p= 0,6974). The highest and lowest mean bond strength including the standard deviation were found in G3T (27,59 ± 6,4 MPa) and G2T (8,45 ± 6,7MPa). In the analysis of the surface after test was found sixteen specimens with enamel/dentin fracture. Except for G2, all others groups had fractured tooth structure. The failure mode mixed and IRA=1 (49,12%) were the most frequent. The heat treatment of the silanized surfaces after blasting with alumina particles coated with silica produced bond strength values similar to those found in the control group.