Análise de Estratégias de Controle e Acionamento para Motores de Indução de Alta Potência

Abstract

The trapezoidal commutation control method is widely used in Brushless DC (BLDC) motors due to its simplicity of implementation and low operational cost. However, its application to induction motors is still poorly documented, especially with respect to performance, technical feasibility, and the possibility of sensorless implementation. Considering that induction motors remain predominant in high-power applications—such as mining, railway transportation, and heavy industrial systems—it becomes relevant to investigate alternative control strategies that combine robustness, low cost, and ease of implementation.This work proposes a comparative analysis of three control strategies for induction motors: vector control, scalar control (V/f), and trapezoidal commutation control. The simulations were carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using a high-power induction motor model subjected to different load conditions. For each method, the dynamic behavior, energy efficiency, implementation complexity, and operational feasibility were evaluated.The results indicate that scalar control, widely used in industrial applications, presents good performance in maintaining speed under high-load conditions; however, it shows limitations in terms of response time and high internal current levels. Vector control, in turn, presented difficulties in adapting to the motor adopted in this study, highlighting practical challenges in the application of high-precision-oriented techniques in this type of system. Nevertheless, this method is retained in the work with an analytical and propositional approach, aiming to document these limitations and point out possible future solutions.The trapezoidal commutation method, despite its simplicity,

demonstrated expressive results, with short response times and moderate accuracy in low- load applications. It is concluded that this method, still scarcely explored by the industry,

may represent a promising alternative for induction motor drive systems operating in high-power environments with reduced precision requirements.