Perfil da dor torácica no Início do infarto agudo do miocárdio: aspectos clínicos e desfechos

Abstract

Introduction: Chest pain is a common manifestation of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), although it is also present in several other clinical conditions, requiring specific skills from healthcare professionals for its correct identification. Objectives: To understand how patients with AMI describe initial chest pain, outline aspects of the epidemiological profile of the disease, and assess pain assessment by healthcare professionals. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective and documentary study, where data were collected from 154 patients with AMI, between October 2024 and May 2025, in a reference hospital for cardiological emergencies in the Zona da Mata Mineira, analyzing variables on pain, the epidemiological profile and the clinical outcome using simple statistics. Results: The predominant pains were precordial (45.22%) and diffuse chest pain (26.75%), frequently described as oppressive (12.26%) or burning (5.81%), of strong or very strong intensity (25.98%), radiating to the left upper limb (14.63%), dorsal region (6.71%) and jaw (3.05%). Associated symptoms included nausea (12.50%), vomiting (10.10%) and sweating (8.17%). The most common duration was between 2 and 6 hours (31.17%) and 6 to 12 hours (16.23%). The sample was mostly composed of men (70.8%) and individuals between 60 and 64 years old (18.18%). Women, elderly and young people presented symptoms considered atypical. Conclusions: It is concluded that pain in AMI has a subjective character, varying according to the patient’;s clinical profile, which reinforces the importance of well-structured evaluation protocols and educational actions to improve diagnosis and prognosis.