Projeto ético-político como ideologia a partir da concepção de Lukács: teleologia, causalidade e processo de trabalho no serviço social

Abstract

The thesis investigates the Social Work ethical-political project as ideology in the Lukácsian sense. It starts from the hypothesis that this project—forged in the rupture with professional traditionalism—is a secondary teleological positing oriented toward shaping conduct, situated in the superstructure as a historical ideological form. Chapter 1 is devoted to the conceptual pair ideal/ideology and to labor as teleological positing. It discusses primary/secondary teleology and specific forms of ideology, preparing the triad labor, the social question, and the ideo-political dimension as the profession’s historicalontological basis. Chapter 2 reconstructs the Brazilian trajectory: conservative genesis, erosion under the dictatorship, and shifts that open the critical turn (secularization, pluralism, the Reconceptualization Movement, the Belo Horizonte experience) up to the 1990s milestones (Code/1993, Law 8,662/1993, Guidelines/1996). Chapter 3 systematizes the project as a critical ideology that condenses emancipatory values and orients professional action in the theoretical-methodological, technical-operative, and ethical-political dimensions. It articulates societal/professional projects and—through three lenses (1980s production; CBAS in the 1990s; analysis of professional experience in student assistance)—shows how the project organizes ends, reprograms institutional causalities, and faces disputes amid the precarization of work. This reading illuminates its teleological function in the struggle over meaning, qualifying professional practice as a pathway to rights. By articulating the triad as the profession’s historical-ontological base, the project appears as a condensation of values (freedom, human rights, social justice, substantive democracy, equity, secularity, pluralism) that mediates material determinations and professional responses. It moves beyond merely normative approaches: the project appears as a mediation that reconfigures causal chains. The originality lies in showing concrete effects: it organizes ends, stabilizes criteria, and institutes practices—a horizon that guides work, clarifies conditions of objectivation, and offers an operative script that politicizes practice and shifts the focus of tension toward procedures with shared responsibilities. In sum, by situating the ethical-political project as ideology in the Lukácsian sense, the thesis illuminates its teleological role in forming social and professional consciousness, makes explicit its contradictory historicity, and shows its capacity to orient conduct and dispute meanings within the sociotechnical division of labor—converting values into rules of decision and rules of decision into guarantees.